Chemotherapy of Cancerous States
Use of drugs aimed at preventing the multiplication or destroying cancer cells already present. It is:
- <b> adjuvant</b> when combined with surgery and/or radiotherapy.
- <b>palliative</b> during advanced local cancer or disseminated metastases. It slows their progression and attenuates their effects.
- <b>curative</b> (in the case of testicular tumors for example) when it aims to cure the patient.
The drugs used are called neoplastic agents. They are divided into several classes: alkylating agents, antibiotics, antimetabolites, antimitotics. In addition to cancer cells, they can affect any healthy, rapidly reproducing cells (e.g. bone marrow, digestive tract, hair follicles and reproductive cells). They are absorbed orally (tablets, capsules) or by injection (veins, arteries or muscles). Intravenous injection may cause burning or discomfort in the vein. It can be caused by infiltration, i.e. spillage of intravenous fluid into surrounding tissues.
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